What do we call materials that allow electricity to flow easily?

Materials that allow electricity to flow easily are referred to as conductors. This is because they have a high number of free electrons that can move freely through the material, facilitating the flow of electric current. Common examples of conductors include metals like copper and aluminum, which are used extensively in electrical wiring due to their excellent conductivity properties.

In contrast, non-conductors and insulators are materials that do not allow electric current to flow easily. They have tightly bound electrons that cannot move freely, thus preventing the flow of electricity. Insulators are crucial in electrical applications as they help prevent unwanted current flow and protect against electrical hazards.

Semiconductors, on the other hand, have conductivity levels that are between that of conductors and insulators. They can conduct electricity under certain conditions (such as the presence of impurities or changes in temperature) but are not classified as materials that allow electricity to flow easily in the same way conductors do.

Understanding these distinctions helps in selecting the right materials for different electrical applications and plays a critical role in ensuring safety and efficiency in electrical systems.